Magnesium sulfate 25 gram packet

Composition and release forms

Powder for the preparation of an internal solution.

1 pack - 25 g of magnesium sulfate.

Packages made of combined heat-sealable material (1) - cardboard packs.

pharmachologic effect

When taken orally, it has a choleretic (reflex effect on the receptors of the duodenal mucosa) and a laxative effect (due to poor absorption of the drug in the intestine, high osmotic pressure is created in it, water accumulates in the intestine, the intestinal contents are liquefied, and peristalsis is enhanced). It is an antidote for poisoning with heavy metal salts. The onset of the effect is after 0.5-3 hours, duration is 4-6 hours.

When administered parenterally, it has a hypotensive, sedative and anticonvulsant effect, as well as a diuretic, arteriodilatating, antiarrhythmic, vasodilating (on arteries) effect, in high doses - curare-like (inhibitory effect on neuromuscular transmission), tocolytic, hypnotic and narcotic effects, suppresses respiratory center. Magnesium is a physiological blocker of slow calcium channels and is capable of displacing it from binding sites. Regulates metabolic processes, interneuronal transmission and muscle excitability, prevents the entry of calcium through the presynaptic membrane, reduces the amount of acetylcholine in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. Relaxes smooth muscles, reduces blood pressure (mostly elevated), increases diuresis.

The mechanism of anticonvulsant action is associated with a decrease in the release of acetylcholine from neuromuscular synapses, while magnesium suppresses neuromuscular transmission and has a direct inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.

The antiarrhythmic effect of magnesium is due to a decrease in the excitability of cardiomyocytes, restoration of ionic balance, stabilization of cell membranes, disruption of sodium current, slow incoming calcium current and one-way potassium current. The cardioprotective effect is due to the expansion of the coronary arteries, a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and platelet aggregation.

The tocolytic effect develops as a result of inhibition of myometrial contractility (decreased absorption, binding and distribution of calcium in smooth muscle cells) under the influence of magnesium ion, increased blood flow in the uterus as a result of dilation of its vessels. Magnesium is an antidote for poisoning with heavy metal salts.

Systemic effects develop almost immediately after intravenous administration and 1 hour after intramuscular administration. Duration of action with intravenous administration is 30 minutes, with intramuscular administration - 3-4 hours.

Interaction

With parenteral use of magnesium sulfate and simultaneous use of peripherally acting muscle relaxants, the effects of peripherally acting muscle relaxants are enhanced.

With simultaneous ingestion of antibiotics from the tetracycline group, the effect of tetracyclines may decrease due to a decrease in their absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.

A case of respiratory arrest during the use of gentamicin in an infant with an increased concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma during therapy with magnesium sulfate is described.

When used simultaneously with nifedipine, severe muscle weakness is possible.

Reduces the effectiveness of oral anticoagulants (including coumarin derivatives or indanedione derivatives), cardiac glycosides, phenothiazines (especially chlorpromazine). Reduces the absorption of ciprofloxacin, etidronic acid, weakens the effect of streptomycin and tobramycin.

Calcium preparations - calcium chloride or calcium gluconate - are used as an antidote for an overdose of magnesium sulfate.

Pharmaceutically incompatible (precipitate is formed) with Ca2+ preparations, ethanol (in high concentrations), carbonates, bicarbonates and phosphates of alkali metals, salts of arsenic acid, barium, strontium, clindamycin phosphate, hydrocortisone sodium succinate, polymyxin B sulfate, procaine hydrochloride, salicylates and tartrates .